Diabetes Mellitus

 The term diabetes describes either a deficiency of insulin or a decreased ability of the body to use insulin, which is a hormone secreted by the pancreas. Insulin allows glucose (sugar) to enter body cells and be converted to energy. Insulin is also needed to synthesize protein and store fats. In uncontrolled diabetes, glucose and lipids (fats)remain in the bloodstream and, with time, damage the body’s vital organs and contribute to heart disease.

 There are two main types of diabetes: Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM)and Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM). The most common type is classified as NIDDM. It is 90% of those with diabetes and usually affects after the age of 40. The other type, IDDM, appears in less than 10% of those with diabetes. Although this type of diabetes can occur at any age, it most often affects in childhood or the teen years.

COMPREHENSION (7 POINTS)

       (NB: For comprehension questions in these tests, all your answers should be based on the text)

A/ Are these sentences true or false? Justify. (2 points)

  1. Diabetes is a hormone secreted by the pancreas 

………………………………………………………………………………………

2. The pancreas transforms sugar into energy.  

………………………………………………………………………………………

B/ Answer these questions (2 points

    1. What is diabetes?

        ………………………………………………………………………………

2. What is the function of insulin in the body?

………………………………………………………………………………………

C/ Complete these sentences according to the text (1 point)

                1. NIDDM stands for ………………………………………………………………………………………

                2. Insulin permits  ………………………………………………………………………………………

D/ What do the underlined in the text refer to (1 point)

                 1.  which: …………………………   (paragraph 1)    

                 2.  it: ………………………………       (paragraph 1)    

E/ Find in the text words which mean almost the same as (1 point)

                 1. transformed: ………………………………   (Paragraph 1)   

                 2. happen: ………………………………             (Paragraph 2)   

LANGUAGE (9 POINTS)

A/ Fill in the blanks with the correct words from the list (1.5 points)

                        discovered – lack  – deforestation – enslave  – hazardous

  1. ————- refers to cutting down trees for industrial and urbanization purposes.
  2. Amal couldn’t find a job because of her  ———— of experience.
  3. Smoking can be ————– to your health.

B/ Match the sentences with the functions (2 points)

  1. If only I could speak  English.                                                                     a. making suggestions
  2. Let’s revise our lessons                                                                               b. expressing promise
  3. If you help me, I will do whatever you want.                                           c. apologizing
  4. We are so sorry for disturbing you.                                                          e. expressing wishes

C/ Put the verbs between parentheses in the correct tense (2 points)

  1. Babies sometimes (sleep) …………………… during the day.
  2. My friend, Adil, (be) ……………… very sick yesterday.
  3. At this moment, Uncle David (clean) ………………… his car.
  4. Our cousins (move) …………………… to Chicago next year.

D/ Rewrite these sentences starting with the words given (2 points)

  1. “This dress is so beautiful”, Sally says.

  Sally says that …………..………………………………………………………………

2. They pay the workers every week.

Workers ……………….………………………………………………………………

3. I can’t buy this phone because I don’t have enough money.

If ………………….………………………………………………………………

4. They don’t have a modern car.

They wish ………………….………………………………………………………………

E/ Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition from the list (1.5 points)

                                            on  –  over  –  in  –  up  –  down

  1. We have a test tomorrow. I have to go …………. all my lessons.
  2. Please, turn ………… the volume. I want to sleep.
  3. “All candidates must fill ………….. the application form correctly,” said the manager.

WRITING (4 POINTS)

The topic will be added later.

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